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CREATINE

is a nitrogenous organic acid that occurs in vertebrate tissues and in urine. In muscle tissue, Creatine generally occurs as phosphoCreatine. Creatine is excreted as CREATININE in the urine. Creatine is naturally produced in the human body from amino acids, primarily in the kidney and inside the liver. It is transported by the blood for the use of muscles. Approximately 95% of the human body’s total Creatine is located in the skeletal muscle.Creatine is not an essential nutrient as it is easily manufactured in the human body from L-arginine, glycine, and L-methionine. In humans and animals, approximately half of the stored Creatine originates from food (about 1 g/day, mainly from meat). Since vegetables are not the primary source of Creatine, vegetarians can be expected to show lower levels of directly derived muscle Creatine. However, vegetarians showed the same levels of Creatine after the use of Creatine supplements. Supplemental Creatine may have an energy-generating action during anaerobic exercise and may also have neuro protective and cardio protective effects on the body.

SYNTHESIS OR PRODUCTION

Creatine is produced in the liver, kidneys and pancreas from the amino acids glycine, arginine and methionine, and may also be obtained from foods such as meat and fish. Creatine is found primarily in the skeletal muscle and is fundamental to the energy metabolism of all muscle cells. In the skeletal muscle, Creatine exists in equilibrium with phosphoCreatine. PhosphoCreatine acts as an ATP reservoir. The reverse reaction provides a rapid source of ATP to the muscle cells and appears to enhance the anaerobic capacity of the body, its aerobic recovery and protein synthesis. For these reasons, Creatine is used by athletes both, to increase muscle mass and to enhance performance in high-intensity exercise.

Creatine Monohydrate (CrM) is a nitrogenous organic compound obtained predominantly from the consumption of meat or fish by the body and is also synthesized endogenously inside the kidney, liver and pancreas. When CrM enters the muscle cell, it accepts a high energy phosphate from oxidative phosphorylation and forms phosphoCreatine (PC). PC is the storage form of high-energy phosphate, which is used by the skeletal muscle cell to rapidly regenerate Adenosine Triphosphate(ATP) during bouts of maximal muscular contraction. The conversion of ATP into Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) and a phosphate group generates the energy needed by the muscles during short term (5–15 seconds), high-intensity exercise. PhosphoCreatine’s (PC) availability in the muscles is vitally important in energy production, since ATP cannot be stored in excessive amounts within the muscle and is rapidly depleted during bouts of exhaustive exercise.

Improves athletic performance along with increased fitness level: Creatine provides the human body with enhanced levels of stamina, metabolism and energy. Fish and meat are a good source of Creatine.Creatine is present in vegetarians but on a very low scale. Creatine supplements help in the improvement of athletic performance of not only meat eating people, but also among vegetarians.

Increases strength and stamina in people: Creatine enhances the capacity of the body to perform high intensity workout, which in turn helps in the smooth pumping of blood to the heart and engages the body more forcefully in any kind of workout or rigorous sports activity.

Enhances muscle volume: Creatine benefits bodybuilders and athletes as it has a property that causes muscle cells to inflate, thereby producing a heavy muscled appearance by acting as a stimulus for protein synthesis.

Enhances the nervous system: Creatine acts as a neuro protectant (an agent that increases the survival of nerve cells to environmental insults), which helps in the enhancement of neurons that help in stimulating the mental activity of the body more effectively.

Helps in combating Diabetes: Creatine helps in improving the glucose tolerance of the human body by increasing the volume of glucose transporter – type 4, inside the body. This helps the body to fight against diabetes.

Reduces Sarcopenia: Sarcopenia is an age related muscle loss problem. There is a natural decline in the production of muscle building (anabolic) hormones such as testosterone, growth hormone and other insulin hormones with the passing of time in our body. Creatine helps in decreasing the progressive loss of muscle mass.

Adding to this, Creatine is also helpful for patients suffering from cognitive heart failure (CHF), depression, bipolar disorder, Parkinson’s disease, diseases of the muscles and nerves, Gyrate Atrophy, and high cholesterol.